Dulce de leche is a type of condensed milk sweet from Argentina and Uruguay. Traditionally, it is made by heating sweetened cow's milk until it caramelizes and achieves a thick consistency, enough to act as a spread, a filling for cakes and pies, or an ice cream topping.

The legend says that dulce de leche originated in Buenos Aires in 1829, when a maid of Argentinian leader Juan Manuel de Rosas was preparing la lechada by heating sugar and milk. As she left it on the fire a bit longer than usual, she noticed it had become a dark brown substance, and that's how dulce de leche was born. 

Argentinian alfajores are sandwich cookies consisting of two round, crumbly sweet cookies with a dulce de leche or milk jam stuffing between them. The combination is then coated with a layer of chocolate or sprinkled with confectioners' sugar.

The name alfajor stems from the Arabic word al-hasú, which means stuffed or filled. Although the cookies can be found throughout Latin America, they are originally from Andalusia, Spain. When the Spaniards came to America, they brought their foods and traditions along the way, and with time, almost every country in Latin America has adapted the Spanish alfajor to make it their own. 

Even though their name and origin stem from Italian tradition, pastafrola tarts have become an integral part of South American cuisine. They traditionally combine buttery shortcrust pastry and various fillings such as quince cheese, dulce de leche, guava, sweet potato jam, and various fruit preserves.

The top of each tart is traditionally decorated with a wide lattice pattern that reveals the colorful filling. Pastafrola tarts can be enjoyed as a simple, appetizing dessert or a sweet afternoon snack.

Translated as chocolate cake, this no-bake Argentinian dessert was influenced by Italian cuisine and modeled on the famous Italian tiramisu. It is made with three Argentinian staple ingredients: chocolate biscuits, dulce de leche, and cream cheese.

The cookies are softened in milk and layered with a combination of cream cheese and dulce de leche. The shapes of chocotorta can vary, while the biscuits can be soaked with chocolate milk, coffee, or even coffee liqueur. The most common theory about its origin says that it was invented as a part of a marketing campaign designed to promote Chocolinas chocolate cookies, and the recipe was included in the packaging. 

These crispy Argentinian pastries are typically star-shaped, while the center is filled with quince or sweet potato preserve (dulce). They are usually deep-fried and then brushed with a sugar glaze. Optionally, they can be filled with dulce de leche and topped with colorful sprinkles.

Pastelitos are traditionally enjoyed on May 25, a day commemorating the May Revolution and the establishment of the first independent Argentinian government.

Flan mixto is a typical Argentinian combination of a custard flan that is served with a dollop of whipped cream and dulce de leche. The flan is similar to crème caramel, consisting of a light custard base and a sweet caramel topping.

The dish is a restaurant staple, as well as a common homemade dessert.

Cubanitos (lit. little Cubans) is an Argentine sweet and crispy wafer tube oozing a sweet filling. Wafer pastry is made by combining flour, sugar, butter, vanilla extract, cinnamon, and (sometimes) egg whites. Once baked, the wafer is rolled into the shape of a Cuban cigar, hence the name cubanitos.

Although the most common filling is dulce de leche (a milky caramel spread), this treat may come with various other fillings such as chocolate, lemon-flavored cream, pasta bon o bon (peanut cream), or whipped cream. The filled wafer tubes are also often covered with chocolate and garnished with chopped nuts or sprinkles. 

This Argentinian dessert combines layers of crispy puff pastry with dulce de leche. The layers are occasionally coated with crème pâtissière, while the top is sometimes decorated with Italian meringue. It is believed that the cake was modeled on mille-feuille – a classic French dessert consisting of thin layers of pastry and cocoa, almond, or vanilla icing.

Apart from Argentina, similar milhojas varieties are also enjoyed in other South American countries.

Garrapiñada is an Uruguayan and Argentinian street food item consisting of peanuts roasted in a combination of sugar, water, and vanilla essence. When the peanuts are completely coated and the syrup hardens, they are ready to eat. This treat can be found on the streets of Uruguay and Argentina, where it is sold by vendors called garrapiñeros.

They put the peanuts in a small, long bag and hand it over to customers who then eat the peanuts on the go. Apart from peanuts, garrapiñada can also be made with almonds and walnuts.