Lemon drizzle cake is a traditional cake and a staple of afternoon tea. Although not much is known about its origin, it is believed that the first lemon drizzle was made by a Jewish woman named Evelyn Rose in 1967. This simple sponge cake is usually made with a combination of flour, sugar, butter, eggs, milk, baking powder, lemon zest, and lemon juice.

The ingredients are mixed in a bowl, then placed into a baking tray and baked in an oven. The lemon juice is mixed with icing sugar, and once the cake is done, the icing is drizzled over it in order to give the cake a refreshing, bright, lemony, and slightly sharp flavor. 

Victoria sponge is an English layer cake filled with fruit jam (and sometimes, whipped cream). It was invented by Queen Victoria's cooks in the 19th century, when it was one of the main stars at the Queen's tea parties, along with sandwiches and scones.

The jam used in Victoria sponge is usually raspberry or strawberry jam, although modern variations are sometimes filled with apricot and greengage jam. Whipped cream is a 20th-century addition to the filling, and some purists, such as the official Women's Institute, claim that a true Victoria sponge can only have a jam filling. 

Pound cake is a British dessert consisting of one pound of each of the following ingredients: flour, butter, sugar, and eggs, hence the name. There is no leavening agent used in the preparation, except the air that is whipped into the batter. It dates back to the early 1700s, and because many people didn't know how to read, the simple convention made it quite easy to remember the recipe.

By the 1800s, the recipes began to deviate from the original, and the ingredients were used in smaller quantities, resulting in a lighter, smaller cake, whereas the original was very big and could feed a large number of people. Today, people use leaveners to make it even less dense, while some cooks like to add chocolate or orange zest in order to enhance its flavors. 

Parkin or perkin is a sticky cake originating from Northern England, although it is mostly associated with Yorkshire. It consists of flour, oatmeal, black treacle, and either lard or butter. Many cooks like to spice it up with a hefty dose of ginger in order to elevate the flavors.

Parkin is characterized by its hard texture after baking, but if it is left in a sealed container, it becomes soft and moist. Parkin is always prepared for Bonfire Night (Guy Fawkes Night)—celebrated on November 5—but it is also commonly enjoyed throughout winter.

Even though it remains unclear exactly how long this traditional English sponge cake has been around for, one of the earliest known recipes for Madeira cake was found in Elizabeth Acton's Modern Cookery for Private Families, published in 1845.

Back then, it was a custom to serve the cake with the famous Portuguese Madeira wine, hence the name. Today, the crumbly, lemon-flavored Madeira cake is a popular teatime dessert that is most often served dusted with icing sugar and topped with candied orange peel.

Battenberg cake is a light dessert consisting of alternating, colored squares of genoise sponge coated with an exterior of apricot jam and almond paste. It is believed that the cake was invented in order to celebrate the 1884 wedding of Prince Louis of Battenburg to Princess Victoria.

The four sections of genoise sponge are supposed to represent the four Battenburg princes – Louis and his brothers. The cake is often enjoyed as a part of afternoon tea.

The traditional Scottish almond-studded fruitcake with sultanas and candied peel, known as Dundee cake originated in the city of Dundee while its name appears to have been first recorded in the late 19th century. Interestingly, the cake is said to be first created by Keiller’s, the renowned marmalade makers from Dundee, who apparently found it convenient to bake cakes during the part of the year when they weren't making marmalade, most likely to make use of the spare citrus peel.

Until the 1970s, Keiller's were the only commercial bakers in Scotland allowed to make the famous cake, although the recipe was widely copied in other parts of Britain. In fact, bakers further south would often confuse it with other traditional recipes, suggesting it was merely the topping of whole blanched almonds which distinguished Dundee cake from similar British fruitcakes.

Simnel cake is an English dessert that is traditionally prepared during the Easter festivities. The base is made with flour, butter, sugar, eggs, and (sometimes) milk. Once prepared, the batter is combined with dried fruit such as currants, sultanas, and candied peel.

The combination is flavored with orange zest, lemon zest, and mixed spices such as saffron, nutmeg, allspices, ginger, and cinnamon. There is also one layer of marzipan in the center of the cake and one on top of it, and once it has been baked, simnel cake is decorated with 11 marzipan balls/eggs on top, representing the apostles (minus Judas, of course). 

Fifteens is a traditional cake consisting of digestive cookies, coconut, marshmallows, and cherries. The dessert is usually rolled into a log, left in the fridge to set, and it's then cut in slices. It can be found in numerous bakeries and at festivities and celebrations throughout the country.

The name of the dish refers to the traditional recipe which calls for fifteen of each ingredient.