Ikan bakar is a beloved Indonesian grilled fish dish, known for its smoky aroma, bold spices, and savory-sweet glaze. The name ikan bakar literally means “grilled fish” in Indonesian and Malay (ikan = fish, bakar = grilled or roasted), and it refers more to the cooking technique than to a specific recipe.

Found across Indonesia, Malaysia, and coastal Southeast Asia, ikan bakar varies by region, but always features fresh, whole fish marinated with spices and aromatics, then grilled over charcoal for deep, rich flavor. The fish—often snapper, mackerel, gourami, or catfish—is typically marinated in a mixture of shallots, garlic, turmeric, coriander, tamarind, chilies, and kecap manis (sweet soy sauce).

In some regions, especially Java, the use of kecap manis creates a sweet, caramelized glaze, while in others, such as Minangkabau (West Sumatra) or Bali, the marinade is more spicy, tangy, and aromatic, often without any soy sauce. During grilling, the fish is frequently basted with the remaining marinade or a mixture of oil and spices, keeping the flesh moist and enhancing the smokiness.

It’s traditionally served with steamed rice, sambal (spicy chili sauce), and lalapan (fresh vegetables) like cucumber, basil, and cabbage. Some versions are wrapped in banana leaves before grilling to infuse the fish with an earthy aroma and protect it from direct heat.