Rioja was the first Spanish appellation that received protected status. This renowned Spanish region is located in the north of the country, on both sides of the river Ebro. It is best known for its red varietals and blends, and while Tempranillo is the dominant grape, blending varieties include Garnacha, Graciano, Mazuelo, and Maturana varieties.

Rioja Alta is a Spanish designation located in the west of the renowned Rioja wine region, with a center of production in the city of Haro. Tempranillo and Mazuelo (Carignan) are the two most prominent grapes that are used in Rioja Alta.

The region is praised for their age-worthy red wines that are the best examples of traditional Rioja. They are typically fruit-forward and lighter on the palate, though age can significantly influence the final structure as well as the taste profile.

Tempranillo is a red grape variety whose origin is associated with the Iberian Peninsula. Although it is planted in other countries, Tempranillo is best known as the primary grape used in the classic Rioja blend. The wines produced from Tempranillo are typically full-bodied and rich in tannins with the flavors that range from ripe red and dark berries, leather, and tobacco, while aging in French or American oak helps them attain typical vanilla and spice notes.

Originally called Rioja Baja, this is the warmest and the easternmost part of Rioja. It is also the largest and the most productive of all sub-zones. In the past, the region was often unfairly overshadowed by Alta and Alavesa appellations, due to its low elevation and warm climate.

Graciano is a red grape variety native to Spain. It is mainly cultivated in Navarra and Rioja wine regions, and it produces aromatic wine with good acidity and tannins. Graciano is known under various synonyms, and it is found in other Mediterranean countries, suggesting that it is an old European variety.