Fondue is Switzerland's national dish, a melting pot of different flavors and aromas, similar to the country itself–a melting pot of people and different cultures. Its name comes from the French word fondre, meaning to melt, and it was first described in Homer's Iliad as a mixture of goat cheese, flour, and wine.
Fondue's key ingredient is cheese that is melted over a fire, with a lot of regional varieties and flavorful additions such as cherry brandy, white wine, or a sprinkle of nutmeg. It was invented out of necessity, when the alpine locals and traveling herders relied only on cheese, wine, and bread to get them through the winter.
MOST ICONIC Fondue
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Raclette is a national dish that shares its name with a slightly nutty Swiss cheese made from cow's milk, an appliance for preparing the dish, and a full dining experience. Extremely popular in the ski region Valais and other parts of the Swiss Alps, where it also originated, raclette was invented by the Swiss mountain shepherds who used to gather around a fire while roasting potatoes.
As they left some cheese near the fire, it started to melt so they scraped bits of it on the potatoes and raclette was born. The dish takes its name from the French word racler, meaning to scrape. As few people have a fireplace these days, modern appliances such as raclette melter and raclette grill are used instead.
MOST ICONIC Raclette
Rösti is a simple, buttery and fragrant national dish of Switzerland, a crispy crusted potato pancake with an appetizing golden color. It is a great side dish to traditional Swiss delicacies such as leberspiesschen (grilled calves' livers wrapped in bacon and sage) or émincé de veau.
The potatoes for rösti are boiled, peeled, chilled, grated into long strips, and fried with butter, oil, salt, and maybe a bit of bacon fat. The dish is then cut into wedges and served to hungry consumers. Additionally, herbs, onions, ham, or grated cheese can be added to the dish to enhance its flavors.
VARIATIONS OF Rösti
MOST ICONIC Rösti
The sweet, airy, featherweight delicacy known as meringue is made with a handful of ingredients: egg whites, sugar, some kind of acid such as cream of tartar or vinegar, and the most important, although invisible component - air. Meringue is incredibly versatile and it is mostly prepared to turn desserts into works of art: it can be whipped into frostings for cakes, spooned on pies, incorporated into cakes to make them fluffy, or mixed with chocolate, fruits, and ground nuts for extra flavor.
The origins of meringue are still somewhat shrouded in mystery, but the Larousse Gastronomique claims it was either invented by a Swiss pastry chef with Italian origins, named Gasparini, or by King Stanislas I Leszcynski's chef, because some believe that the word meringue comes from the Polish word marzynka.
VARIATIONS OF Meringue
MOST ICONIC Meringue
Fluffier than its French counterpart and as stable as its Italian counterpart, Swiss meringue is a light and airy concoction consisting of egg whites and sugar. The ingredients are steadily whisked over a bain-marie until they cool and develop a thick and glossy meringue, which is then usually baked.
It is often used as a base for buttercream frostings, pavlova, meringue cookies, or any kind of meringue-topped pie.
MOST ICONIC Swiss Meringue
MAIN INGREDIENTS
This classic Swiss fondue is believed by some to be the best fondue variety of them all. It is native to the Valais region and consists of tomatoes or tomato paste, white wine, garlic, butter, shallots, and grated cheeses such as Gruyère and Emmental.
Traditionally, tomato fondue is paired with potatoes, rather than the usual pieces of bread used for dipping.